Polio and its treatment

Poliomyelitis or polio is a disease of the nervous system caused by one of the smallest known virus, called polio virus The virus enters the body h the food and water and reaches the intestine and from there it enters ONS or central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) ria blood stream ymphatic systems CNS, the virus destroys the motor nerve cells pinal cond that are responsible for the muscular control. Therefore, the molio-infected person becomes incapable of carrying out the normal Polio is a kind of paralysis and mostly affects the legs Children n the age of 6 months and 3 years are most prone to polio infection is transmitted among children by the facco oral route and through the t contact, dirty hands, contaminated food or milk and flies Faeco-oral te of infection of a disease includes transmission of an infection via food/ water that in contaminated by stool of a patient Symptoms The early symptoms of the polio disease are sore throat and headache. If the infection the patient suffers from fever, vomiting, muscular pain, stiffness in the neck, tingling sensation

Polio vines

Ambs and ultimately paralysis. Sooner or later polio results in atrophy of skeletal muscles and results deformity of affected limb Prevention. Complete rest and physiotherapy is helpful in the begining of pollo virus attack Exercising a legs is done to reduce the paralytic effect. Maintenance of hygiene bry proper sarutary disposal of waste an essential step for prevention of polia Now a days Oral Polio Vaccine (OPV) is given orally to the Aldrm as per National Immunisation Schedule in our country OPV is a live attenuated (diluted or kend) viral strain taken by mouth which colonises the gut and induces immunity Pulse polio immunisation programme (PPIP). Pulse polio immunisation programme forms the largest angle day public health project. Pulse means a dose of a substance (here polio vaccine) especially when bed over a short period of time. It was conducted for the first time in December 1995, in an attempt adicate polio from our country. This programme uses oral polio vaccine or OPV. As per the National mirusation Schedule (N15), a dose of 3 drops (0.5 ml) is given orally to the child, ie, one dose each at

14. 25 and 3.5 month's age Finally, a booster dose is given at the age of 1.5 years. The vaccine consists of der forms of polio viral particles. After oral administration, virus particles in the vaccine begin to live e the intestine of the human body and multiply. It leads to production of protective molecules (antibodies)

in the intestine and the blood

The prefixed days, on which pulse polio immunisation is to be carried out throughout the country, are called National Immunisation Days (NIDS). In 1996 1997 the target age group was increase to all children undel 5 years of age From 1999-2000, this programme cover mass immunisation of target groups on 4 xcasions (4 NIDS National Immunisation Days).

The pulse polio immunization campaign seems to be a successful programme. Since the incidence of poliomyelitis in India has decreased dramatically, India recorded 4,791 cases of polio in 1994: 2,489 in 1997, 1600 in 2002: 225 in 2003 and 135 in 2004 (Renu Verma 2011). Aims of False Palio Immunisation Programme (PPI)

(i) To immunise those children who are not earlier immunised or are partially immunised u) To replace the disease-causing wild virus by harmless vaccine virus in the